Throughout history the human populous has been attracted to music. Whether it be
part of a ritual, an emotional release, religious reasons, or just for listening
pleasure music has been at the center of our society. We have used music to
express ourselves, tell stories, and let others into our thoughts. However, we
often wonder whether what we are saying has an effect on the listening audience.
Recently, in the 1990's references have often been made to link violent and
deviant behavior to music and certain music genres. Some such genres include but
are not limited to; heavy metal, rock, death metal, rap, gansta rap, industrial,
hardcore, and alternative music. During the last decade we have seen music
lyrics become more and more violent and sexually explicit. Experts argue that
this can cause problems in children and adolescents. Studies show that the
average teenager listens to approximately 40 hours of music in a given week. One
is to assume that somewhere in the mix a child is going to hear something
derogatory or objectionable, as it has become the norm in todays society. In
most music today especially rap and heavy metal most of the lyrics contain
references to violence, sex, and/or drugs. While many argue that this is
dangerous for children to hear we know that a modern day teenager often faces
violence, drugs, suicide, pregnancy, and other aspects of this music. While we
find that lyrics may be dangerous to a child we must ask ourselves whether the
child fully understands and comprehends what the artist is saying. Teenagers
often do not understand what is being said, in fact in one study only 30 percent
of those questioned knew the lyrics to their favorite songs and they all had
varied comprehension as to what the message was. It could be argued that if the
lyrics were not included in the artists booklet then the audience would never
know what was being said. Some lyrics are indeed harsh such as this Nine Inch
Nails lyric: "I am a big man yes I am; and I have a big gun; got me a big
ole *censored* and I like to have fun; held against your forehead I'll make you
suck; you know, just for the *censored* of it." Obviously we cannot
interpret this as a positive meaning. A sampling of lyrics from Marilyn Manson
include "Who says date rape isn't fun," "...the housewife I will
beat..," and "I slit my teenage wrist," among others. Manson
concerts are often grounds to bash religion and rip bibles while fan chant
"we hate love, we love hate." Other songs that have overtones of
violence include "slap-a-ho" by Dove Shack and another song sung by
death metal band Cannibal Corpse in which they make reference to masturbating
with a dead womans head. Avid music lovers attest that they words sung in these
songs are just words and or no different that poetry printed in literature
books. No studies to date have concluded that listening to a song that speaks of
death will make a teenager want to go out and kill. Do these kinds of lyrics
breed todays children to be killers and to be sexually promiscuous? Yes, and no,
depending on who you speak to. Listening to music does not drive people to kill,
and no proof of such has been offered. In fact, one teacher speaks of a student
who wore a Metallica shirt everyday to school and wrote lyrics with foul
language, but was often seen sitting in the front row at Sunday mass with his
mother in a nice suit. The same people who go out to see Black Sabbath and
Motley Crue are the same people who handle world finance and international
affairs, it is just their choice in music. Studies that use music videos on the
other hand show an increased tolerance in deviant behavior among both males and
females. Music videos add reinforcement to what is being heard with the use of
visuals. Now an extra sense is being used. Videos often exhibit sexual innuendo,
acts of aggression, and gender stereotypes. Studies showed that men have a
tolerable attitude as to what is violent and what is "too far" in
sexual advances. Women have less of a tolerance. Studies have also found that
heavy metal music and gansta rap influence mens attitudes towards women and that
increased exposure to videos containing interpersonal violence against women
tended to increase men's acceptance of rape myths such as "she was dressing
like she wanted it" or "she brought it on herself." In contrast,
women's beliefs decreased and they felt that men were coming on too strong and
being to aggressive. Another study conducted on college campuses in the
northwestern United States involved men and women watching various music videos
and then answering a set of questions afterwards. One video was "The Way
You Make Me Feel" by Michael Jackson which depicts a man stalking a woman
who then becomes infatuated in his game of pursuit. The other was "The
Stand" by REM which only showed the band on-stage playing instruments. In
questions answered after the videos men said it was necessary to pursue the
woman to such an extent while women thought it was annoying and/or disturbing.
Men scored higher on a attitudes for sexual overtones, while surprisingly women
scored slightly higher on the acceptance of interpersonal violence. The studies
did conclude that women who were often subjected to violent music videos were
more accepting of violence than those who have not had constant viewing or
listening to such lyrics and images. It also showed that men had a greater
acceptance of sexual stereotyping and rape myths after being subjected to the
videos. Many methods of behavior modification have been suggested in order to
keep this music from causing harm or hurting anyone individuals. Many arguments
can be made as to whether the music should be censored or if it is
unconstitutional to do. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends different
types of behavior modification to combat the harmful effects of this music. One
such idea is as simple as having parents be aware as to what their children are
listening to, and to discuss anything they deem objectionable. This would be a
positive way to relate emotions to the songs. Another idea proposed is labeling
of content in compact discs. It would be labeled outside as to what the lyrics
contained (i.e. language, sex, drugs). It has also been suggested that groups as
well as individuals approach record companies, music studies, and artists and
ask them to consider the ramifications of their music on their audience and
market it accordingly and in a favorable manner. Ideas have been proposed to set
up research studies to further investigate the effects of explicit music on the
behavior of teenagers. One of the most effective ideas proposed is as simple as
people accept that this music is an art form and a means of self- expression and
emotional release and treat it as such. Just as with rock and roll and Elvis
Presley people will always find something wrong with the music that others
listen to.